Free Essays on Foursome and the Theater of the Absurd

â€Å"Foursome and the Theater of the Absurd† In Ionesco’s â€Å"Foursome† we are introduced to three characters (Dupont, Duran, and Martin) that drags us into a chaotic and absurd world. These three characters strut around the stage each complaining that the other is â€Å"talking with out saying anything at all† until the presence of the fourth character, the Pretty Lady. Upon her arrival, the disposition of Dupont, Duran, and Martin changes sharply with fighting over who â€Å"owns† the Pretty Lady and trying to win her over with the potted plants. Ionesco uses the experimental techniques of the Theater of the Absurd of a sense of chaos with vague dialogue and an illogical plot to make a social comment on the lack of communication in our world today that has been clouded by materialism. Through the vague dialogue of â€Å"Foursome† Ionesco develops feeling of disorder for the reader. This sense of madness can be seen through the way the characters speak to one another in convoluted dialogue and with overstated uniformity. The illogical plot is favored in the Theater of the Absurd because it doesn't follow typical standards so that it can better satirize. Through the hard-to-follow plot of â€Å"Foursome†, the aimless plot shows the audience how Dupont, Duran, and Martin accomplish nothing. Through their fights, which are fragmented, no solution (or even real problem) comes out of it. Rather, theses characters only illustrate the way society fuss over material items and have a block of communication. â€Å"Foursome† attempts to show society today of the way we communicate: indistinctly and scattered. As our main characters Dupont, Duran, and Martin run around the stage, they argue incessantly. However, they never reach an agreement nor do they even realize what they are truly fighting about. Ionesco uses this technique in attempts to show the reader the way modern society has become a matter of â€Å"talking without really saying any... Free Essays on Foursome and the Theater of the Absurd Free Essays on Foursome and the Theater of the Absurd â€Å"Foursome and the Theater of the Absurd† In Ionesco’s â€Å"Foursome† we are introduced to three characters (Dupont, Duran, and Martin) that drags us into a chaotic and absurd world. These three characters strut around the stage each complaining that the other is â€Å"talking with out saying anything at all† until the presence of the fourth character, the Pretty Lady. Upon her arrival, the disposition of Dupont, Duran, and Martin changes sharply with fighting over who â€Å"owns† the Pretty Lady and trying to win her over with the potted plants. Ionesco uses the experimental techniques of the Theater of the Absurd of a sense of chaos with vague dialogue and an illogical plot to make a social comment on the lack of communication in our world today that has been clouded by materialism. Through the vague dialogue of â€Å"Foursome† Ionesco develops feeling of disorder for the reader. This sense of madness can be seen through the way the characters speak to one another in convoluted dialogue and with overstated uniformity. The illogical plot is favored in the Theater of the Absurd because it doesn't follow typical standards so that it can better satirize. Through the hard-to-follow plot of â€Å"Foursome†, the aimless plot shows the audience how Dupont, Duran, and Martin accomplish nothing. Through their fights, which are fragmented, no solution (or even real problem) comes out of it. Rather, theses characters only illustrate the way society fuss over material items and have a block of communication. â€Å"Foursome† attempts to show society today of the way we communicate: indistinctly and scattered. As our main characters Dupont, Duran, and Martin run around the stage, they argue incessantly. However, they never reach an agreement nor do they even realize what they are truly fighting about. Ionesco uses this technique in attempts to show the reader the way modern society has become a matter of â€Å"talking without really saying any...

Congenial vs. Genial

Congenial vs. Genial â€Å"Congenial† vs. â€Å"Genial† â€Å"Congenial† vs. â€Å"Genial† By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between congenial and genial? They both derive from that Latin term that also developed into genius, but their meanings are mostly distinct. Genial means â€Å"friendly† or â€Å"sympathetic,† or â€Å"mild†; it also describes someone who displays or is marked by genius, but that is a rare usage. Genial can refer to a person (â€Å"She has a genial personality†) or to an inanimate object or phenomenon (â€Å"The weather was genial yesterday†). Although congenial can be synonymous with genial, the connotation is usually one of having a pleasant and/or sociable attitude (â€Å"He is a congenial host†) or being harmonious or of a kindred spirit (â€Å"Their congenial interest in the matter may help them cooperate†). Writers must take care not to introduce an extraneous letter to produce one of two words that, though distantly related to genial and congenial, have nothing to do with the terms or with each other: Genital refers to the sexual organs, and congenital usually refers to diseases or unhealthy psychological features. A congenital physical condition is one that dates or exists from birth or is acquired during gestation and not through heredity; one can also describe someone as having a congenital fear of or obsession about something. People are also sometimes described as being congenital in some aspect of their nature for example, a congenital liar is someone who is habitually deceitful. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives 40 Fish IdiomsPersonification vs. Anthropomorphism

Loyality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Loyality - Essay Example Most of us often go through life oblivious of what goes on in other states enjoying the bliss of life. We depend on the media to give us a picture of what life is like, despite the fact that in most cases it often fails to depict the real picture. We make so many assumptions without even the least bit of information that can easily help us base our judgments. Racism and economic inequality is a reality that has been in the society for years, despite the fact that most people fail to acknowledge it. All it takes is a simple look around us to finally see the reality of what exists. Most people base their judgments on what they hear and rarely ever do so based on their experience. In her essay, she talks about the â€Å"white trash† she comes across in Mexico. In spite of the fact that she was an American herself, she felt like she was better than them simply because they acted differently than her. She tries to call the reader’s attention to things so inherent that they have become imperceptible to us, such as our assumptions on race. She states â€Å"In the United States, it is very easy for me to forget that the people around me are my people. It is easy, with all our divisions, to think of myself as an outsider in my own country.† (Biss, 93). Although in her country she could easily separate herself from others and act like she was better than others, while in Mexico she finally got to see herself from other people’s perspective. She used to pride herself in the fact that she was better simply because she was a well refined woman from a good background with good education. The US has always been regarded as a land that holds better promises which is why most immigrants are so quick to try and sneak in hoping to find a better life than what they have left behind. To most people’s surprise, life is not any better

ELL Learners Today Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ELL Learners Today - Research Paper Example These are (a) imitation theory, (b) reinforcement theory, and (c) active construction of grammar theory (Lindsay, Roberts, & Campbell, 2005; College of Education, 2010; Mixed Sources, 2007). Imitation theory follows a procedure where a child is permeated to hear speech sounds and be encouraged to imitate it (Lindsay et. al, 2005). For instance, English couples teach their child to speak English or a Japanese couple would teach their children Niponggo as its native language. In this imitative process, first learners would encounter problems and errors which are generally acceptable, predictable and consistent (Ontario Ministry of Education, 2007). Reinforcement theory refer to a process of language acquisition where adults take the role of supporting or coaching the children in the learning processes, and are constantly appraising the child’s communicative progress through affirmation, appreciation, and by correcting children’s errors either by form, by statement’ s content and/or the truthfulness what a child conveyed (OME, 2007). Moreover, in the active construction of a grammar, a child start to learn formal statement construction that is sensitive to lessons learnt from linguistic inputs. This means that the children are already receiving language input following the lessons they learned from adults or from their coaches (OME, 2007). In this stage, they can start to communicate formally with others in better form or sentence construction and they are able to convey meanings clearly using better language performance (OME, 2007). 2) How can we as teachers ease new ELL students into our classrooms in ways that help them become a contributing member of our classroom community? What do you plan to do to help new ELLs feel a part of your classroom from the beginning? To help learners ease in the learning process, teachers must develop a learning environment that will permeate continued development of children language

Information Gathering Obu Essay Example for Free

Information Gathering Obu Essay Every Research Report requires information as the basis for analysis. Information sources can be categorised as either primary or secondary data. There is no requirement for you to collect primary data within your Research Report; it is wholly acceptable to undertake your Research Report using only secondary data. The difference between primary and secondary data is identified below. Primary data is original data that has been collected by a researcher by whatever means appropriate in the answer of a specific research question. . e. it has been collected specifically for the Research Report. Examples of primary data include questionnaires, interviews, e-mail contacts and surveys. If you decide to collect primary data as part of your research work, then you should state and justify the following: ? The data collection techniques you intend to use e. g. questionnaires, interviews. ? Your sample size and an outline of your sampling strategy. ? The method you will use to select your sample and the likely response rate. If you intend to collect primary data from staff within your chosen organisation you must obtain permission to do this from a senior member of staff within the organisation. You should do this as early as possible during your Research Report, since if you are denied access to your desired information sources you may have to reconsider how to meet your project objectives and research questions. Secondary data is data that has been collected by others for their own purposes, but which may be used by a researcher for his or her different purposes. Examples of secondary data include reference material, books, CD ROMs and financial statements. You should always evaluate the appropriateness and relevance of secondary data sources. Information included in internet sources may not be reliable from an academic perspective and may not be appropriate for use in your Research Report. If you decide to use secondary data as part of your research work, you should state and justify your choice to do so. Where you use published secondary data you must provide precise references using the Harvard Referencing System. This is discussed in more detail in the following section. You must retain all of the information that you collected during your project work until you have received official notification of your RAP grade from Oxford Brookes University. This includes any questionnaire responses, copies of financial statements, extracts from journals, reports, magazines etc. Oxford Brookes University may wish to ask you to provide additional evidence of your information gathering following the marking of your Research and Analysis project.

Technology Transfer :: essays research papers

Analyzing the transfer of technology from one place to another can be a very difficult task. People have tried to trace the origins of specific technologies and map out what cultures it affected, why and what impact the technology had on history. Books have been written on conclusions that authors have made after doing the research I have suggested. I believe that obtaining the information to write a book about this subject is extremely hard and confusing, this is a personal assumption that I have made with regard to the fact that reading a book on this subject is hard and confusing. After reading The Tools of Empire by Daniel R. Headrick and excerpts from both Technology in World Civilization by A. Pacey and Major Problems in the History of American Technology, I have formed some opinions of my own primarily based on my readings about nineteenth and twentieth century technology transfer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the nineteenth century two major events stand out in connection to technology. First the progress and power of industrial technology, second the domination and exploitation of Africa and Asia by Europeans. In the book The Tools of Empire, Headrick the author connects theses factors through many examples in history. Leading into the twentieth century even though many would like to fast forward into the dawn of electronics, there is still a major focus on technology in Africa and Asia. However, the transfer of technology is now steering away from dominating and leaning towards local adaptation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Africa and India experienced a deeper affect of technological transfer because they were conquered and colonized by Europe. The steamboat with its ability to travel up and down river enabled Europeans deep into Africa and Asia. The railroad helped eliminate the difficulties of inland transportation for Europeans in India. The steamboat and the Railroad were two important technologies of the nineteenth century that changed many aspects of life in India and Africa. China’s rulers controlled European influence rather tightly, yet there was trade of course. And through the opium war there was an influence of European technology in China. In the twentieth century the transfer of technology from industrialized to the less industrialized is still happening. Yet it is happening a slightly different manner instead of being forced upon a nation it is being adapted to and for a nation. In the 1930s the United States made advancements in genetic –chemical technology. Technology Transfer :: essays research papers Analyzing the transfer of technology from one place to another can be a very difficult task. People have tried to trace the origins of specific technologies and map out what cultures it affected, why and what impact the technology had on history. Books have been written on conclusions that authors have made after doing the research I have suggested. I believe that obtaining the information to write a book about this subject is extremely hard and confusing, this is a personal assumption that I have made with regard to the fact that reading a book on this subject is hard and confusing. After reading The Tools of Empire by Daniel R. Headrick and excerpts from both Technology in World Civilization by A. Pacey and Major Problems in the History of American Technology, I have formed some opinions of my own primarily based on my readings about nineteenth and twentieth century technology transfer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the nineteenth century two major events stand out in connection to technology. First the progress and power of industrial technology, second the domination and exploitation of Africa and Asia by Europeans. In the book The Tools of Empire, Headrick the author connects theses factors through many examples in history. Leading into the twentieth century even though many would like to fast forward into the dawn of electronics, there is still a major focus on technology in Africa and Asia. However, the transfer of technology is now steering away from dominating and leaning towards local adaptation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Africa and India experienced a deeper affect of technological transfer because they were conquered and colonized by Europe. The steamboat with its ability to travel up and down river enabled Europeans deep into Africa and Asia. The railroad helped eliminate the difficulties of inland transportation for Europeans in India. The steamboat and the Railroad were two important technologies of the nineteenth century that changed many aspects of life in India and Africa. China’s rulers controlled European influence rather tightly, yet there was trade of course. And through the opium war there was an influence of European technology in China. In the twentieth century the transfer of technology from industrialized to the less industrialized is still happening. Yet it is happening a slightly different manner instead of being forced upon a nation it is being adapted to and for a nation. In the 1930s the United States made advancements in genetic –chemical technology.

Cosi Shows Us That ‘Fairytale Endings’ Do Not Reflect Real Life Essay

Cosi is a play set in the 1970s, when Australia and the world were facing political complexities, such as the conflict against the communist government and the happenning of the Vietnam War. It was a time when people had to choose their loyalties, causing great frustration and tearing the community apart. We are able to see this in Cosi in the lives of two best mates Nick and Lewis, as their priorities and commitments during that period of time, as well as conflicting social views with the rise of different social conventions such as ‘free love’ during the 1970s. It is a play within a play with parallel runnings with Mozart’s opera ‘Cosi Fan Tutte’, both plays explore the meanings of love and fidelity and how Lucy parallels the infidelity of the women in ‘Cosi Fan Tutte’. Nowra also allows us to see how the theatre works its magic, as a therapy not only for the insane but as well as the sane. As we slowly see the cast blossoming towards the end of the play, Lewis ends it by announcing some fateful happenings of the cast such as the deaths of Julie and Henry, giving an unfairytale like ending to the play. However not all had the same fate, we see how Ruth’s obsessive compulsive disorder allowed her to become a â€Å"time and motion expert† and Zac’s eccentricity making him a â€Å"rock and roll† player. ‘Cosi fan Tutte’ main theme is about a woman’s infidelity towards man. Despite the opera being set in the 1700s and facing problems with love and fidelity, it proves that society still hasn’t changed in that perspective with the characters in Cosi mirroring some of it’s values. The ‘free love’ movement during the 1970s also shows how society is becoming much more liberal in character and less conservative. The influence also caused a seperation between the community as some still stick to their conservative views such as Lewis, Nick and Lucy. Lucy redefined the modern meaning of fidelity by claiming she â€Å"only had sex with Nick, but slept with Lewis. † Lewis himself also holds his very bias view on fidelity, despite his obvious attraction towards Julie, he still claims his fidelity by â€Å"not having sex† with Julie even though he kissed her. This shows the society’s gradual evolvement by beginning to define it’s meaning of fidelity with the references to sex only. Nowra allows us to observe the discrimination and social defining ways of the people by beginning the play in a â€Å"burnt out theatre†, displaying the neglect shown towards the mental patients and the seperation it had formed between the sane and insane people. â€Å"They are just people who have done extraordinary things, thought extraordinary thoughts. † Nowra shows the fine line drawn between the sane and insane, and that those in the institution are not always as what the society defines them. The act of isolating mental patients shows the people’s way of dealing with kinks in the society, an easy solution. Julie for instance, is completely sane however has an addiction to drugs, â€Å"They don’t know how to deal with drug users† shows how the people had either the lack of knowledge or wasn’t eager enough to dwell into and solve the problem. Instead, Julie was prescribed more drugs for her habit, which did not break and caused her death in the future with an overdose. Zac also displays the extremities of drug consumption, causing him to have no control over himself and later not being able to appear in the opera. Such as ‘Cosi Fan Tutte’s’ use of Mesmer magnets and Cosi’s use of shock treatment for magnets showed the society’s inefficient way of dealing with problems. Through Cosi, whether insane of sane, the cast blossomed as they progressed on into the play and just like Justin’s main aim â€Å"to bring them out of their shells†, Lewis suceeded. Not only with them but from a shy and confused young man, Lewis came out with a stronger sense of leadership and confidence. He was more certain on what he wanted compared to earlier where he allowed Roy to grab his glory. Lewis broke up with Lucy and learned to console Roy before the opera showing a huge improvement from his character before, he â€Å"proved Roy wrong†. The cast showed lots of gratitude towards him in the end of the play even with Henry stuttering a â€Å"Tttthank you†, who before this could only communicate with the form of â€Å"shaking his head†. Despite his improvement in speech and confidence, Nowra made his fate a sad one showing the unrealistic ‘fairytale endings’, along with Julie’s overdose despite being discharged. Roy had showed no improvement with his continuous enthusiasm over the wards where â€Å"his fellow patients took petitions to get rid of him†. But with Ruth and Zac’s improved careers, Nowra shows that there are still hopes in ‘fairytale endings’.

Equal Distribution of Income Essay

The fair distribution of income may be the most value-laden of all economic goals; it is certainly the most controversial. When it comes to dividing the total national output, there can be many interpretations of what makes for a fair division of wealth, as there are people. The issue of income equalization is further complicated by regional differences, as identified in the article. The equalization program, which is funded through general tax revenue collected from all Canadians, transfers dollars to poorer provinces so they can offer programs and services reasonably comparable to those offered in the wealthier provinces, at similar levels of taxation. There is a controversial overhaul of transfer payments under study by federal government. The six â€Å"have-not† provinces are splitting $15. 4 billion in equalization payments in 2012-13: Quebec ($7. billion), Ontario ($3. 3 billion), Manitoba ($1. 7 billion), New Brunswick ($1. 5 billion), Nova Scotia ($1. 3 billion) and Prince Edward Island ($337 million). The other four provinces (B. C. , Alberta, Saskatchewan and Newfoundland and Labrador) are considered to have greater revenue-generating capacity and don’t currently qualify for equalization. The Conservative government has been examining substantial changes to the $15. -billion federal equalization program that could dramatically affect transfers sent to provinces and their ability to pay for programs and services. The concern in this article is the proposal, if implemented, could have multibillion-dollar consequences on hydro-producing provinces such as Quebec, Manitoba, British Columbia, and possibly Newfoundland and Labrador. Any reforms to how hydroelectricity is calculated in equalization would almost certainly prove to be one of the most contentious issues, especially in the hydro-producing provinces. The current equalization program calculates 50 per cent of a province’s natural resource revenues in determining its revenue-generating ability — or â€Å"fiscal capacity† — and whether it deserves an annual equalization payment. But, the economic value of hydroelectricity isn’t necessarily calculated the same as oil and gas, partly because of the difficulty in determining the value of hydro power due to a lack of a competitive market in Canada. However, any changes to how hydroelectricity is calculated in equalization could have a â€Å"huge impact† on how much — if any — a province receives from Ottawa in equalization. For example, some studies have suggested Quebec could lose billions of dollars in equalization payments if the true value of hydroelectricity were calculated in the program. If the true economic value of the hydroelectricity were calculated, it would amount to a larger fiscal capacity for equalization-receiving provinces such as Quebec and Manitoba and possibly mean billions of dollars less in federal payments sent to those provinces in the coming years. I feel that the issue of equalization payments with regard to hydroelectricity generating provinces is a controversial one. Although, my opinion on such is that these â€Å"have† provinces (Quebec, Manitoba, British Columbia, and Newfoundland and Labrador) which are producing the hydroelectricity should be compensated for such. Due to the fact that hydroelectricity isn’t calculated like another resource doesn’t mean these hydroelectricity providing provinces should suffer. Currently, the equalization program takes into account differences in revenue-generating capacity among the provinces, but not the varying costs of providing services in each of the jurisdictions. Considering the revenues from hydro generation account for less than 20 per cent of total natural resource revenues across the country. However, hydro makes up nearly 80 per cent of natural resource revenues of equalization-receiving provinces, making it particularly important for distribution of equalization. Regardless if one province would suffer dramatically, I feel it is important to focus energy on this matter as the other â€Å"have† provinces could also benefit.

The natural

The natural The role of symbolism in Bernard MalamudÂÆ'‚‚ ¡Ã‚Æ'‚‚ ¦s The Natural is important in helping the reader understand the theme and meaning of the novel as well as the time period in which it took place. MalamudÂÆ'‚‚ ¡Ã‚Æ'‚‚ ¦s use of symbolism defines the character of Roy Hobbs and shows how the events occurring around him affected his decisions and, eventually, his career.Symbolism in The Natural takes the form of characters, such as women who strongly influenced Roy; historical events, such as the infamous 1919 World Series scandal; and even Greek and Roman mythology. All forms of symbolism used by Malamud are woven into the life and career of Roy Hobbs.As a first example, women have a tremendous influence on RoyÂÆ'‚‚ ¡Ã‚Æ'‚‚ ¦s actions and feelings. One of the more influential symbols in the book, women tend to control what Roy does. The first woman Roy falls for is Harriet Bird whom he meets on a train on his way to Chi cago to try out for the Chicago Cubs.Roy is extremely attracted to her, but a major league ballplayer on the train named Whammer Wambold has already caught her eye. Roy becomes jealous and begins to do things to try to get her attention. At a stop in the route, the passengers get off for a break and go to a local carnival where Roy and the big leaguer clash in a contest of talent, a David-and-Goliath-type confrontation (Solotaroff 9). Roy strikes out the batter with three blistering pitches, each of which make Harriet pay more and more attention to him. As they arrive in Chicago, Harriet stays at the hotel at which Roy has booked a room. She gives him a call and provocatively invites him to her room. Succumbing to her invitation, and making his way to her room, he enters...

Bivalves, the Twin-Shelled Mollusks

Bivalves, the Twin-Shelled Mollusks Bivalves are a group of mollusks that includes clams, scallops, oysters, mussels, razor shells, cockles, venus shells, borers, trough shells and many others (some of which live in the deep sea and have yet to be identified). Bivalves are the second most diverse group of mollusks, ranking only behind  gastropods in number of species. Bivalves are so named for their paired shells. The shells of a bivalve consists of  two halves, mirror images of one another, that are joined at one edge by a flexible hinge. Each half is asymmetrical and rounded, so that when its closed against its opposite number, this forms a domed space near the hinged edge of the shell that accommodates the bulk of the bivalves body and narrows towards the edge of the shell that opens. (Bear in mind that although most bivalves have paired shells, a few species either have drastically reduced shells or no shells at all.) Bivalves live in marine and freshwater habitats; the most diverse, consisting of 80 percent of all species, live in ocean habitats. These invertebrates have four different lifestyles: epifaunal, infaunal, boring and free-moving. Epifaunal bivalves attach themselves to hard surfaces and remain in the same spot for their entire lives. Epifaunal bivalves, such as oysters, adhere to surfaces using either cementation or byssal threads (sticky chitinous threads secreted by a gland in the foot). Infaunal bivalves bury themselves in sand or sediment on the seafloor or in riverbeds; they have thin, soft shells armed with hard tips, and they bore into solid surfaces such as wood or rock. Free-moving bivalves, such as scallops, use their muscular single feet to dig into sand and soft sediments; they can also move through the water by opening and closing their valves. Most bivalves have a pair of large gills  located in their mantle cavity. These gills enable the bivalves both to extract oxygen from the water (in order to breathe) and to capture food; water rich in oxygen and microorganisms is drawn into the mantle cavity and washes through the gills. In species that burrow, a long siphon extends to the surface to take in water; mucus on the gills helps capture food and cilia transfer the food particles to the mouth.    Bivalves have mouths, hearts, intestine, gills, stomachs and siphons, but do not have heads, radulae or jaws. These mollusks possess abductor muscles that, when contracted, hold the two halves of their shells closed. Bivalves are also equipped with a muscular foot, which in many species, such as clams, is used to anchor their bodies to the substrate or to dig down into the sand. The bivalve fossils  date back to the Early Cambrian period.  During the ensuing Ordovician, bivalves diversified in terms of both number of species and the variety of ecological niches occupied. Species Diversity Approximately 9,200 species Classification Bivalves are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates Mollusks Bivalves Bivalves are divided into the following taxonomic groups: ProtobranchiaPteriomorpha - This group includes animals such as scallops, oysters, pearl oysters, mussels, arcs and various other familiesAnomalodesmataRostroconchiaHeterodontaPalaeoheterodonta Edited on February 10, 2017 by Bob Strauss

No need for topic Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

No need for topic - Case Study Example Herr acted on instinct, even though he gambled he eventually bought the Boeings when the dollar was at its lowest. In that aspect, Herr should not be accused of mistimed purchasing and thus should be retained as the chairman of Lufthansa airlines by the board. 2. Even though he had expected the dollar to depreciate, he would not have left the whole amount unhedged, due to a variety of factors. First Herr was not sure that the dollar was going to depreciate; he was just going by his instincts. In that aspect living, the whole amount unhedged would have lead to the firm using more money in purchasing the Boeings. Hedging half the amount was a brilliant idea as it ensured that either way; the company would not use a lot of money in buying the Boeings. If Herr had left the whole amount unhedged and the dollar appreciated further, the organization would have used the colossal amount of money in buying the Boeings. However, hedging half ensured that the firm was cushioned whether the dollar appreciated or depreciated the firm would still benefit. Faced with such uncertainties Herr made a wise decision in hedging half the amount. Remaining uncovered as contemplated by the board would have had a positive impact, however, if the dollar would have appreciated and Herr’s anticipation proved wrong, then the firm would have lost a lot of money. Some of the risks associated with remaining uncovered include; higher spending. Full forward cover also has some advantages as well as disadvantages. The advantage of full forward cover is that the firm would have been protected adequately against currency exposure. However, taking such a risk in purchasing would have been a dangerous option, most companies prefer taking such a risk in other lines of business other than purchasing. 3. Herr had expected the dollar to depreciate, however, leaving the whole amount unhedged was risky, and however using forward contracts was not a good idea. Herr was

Corporate and Global Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Corporate and Global Strategy - Essay Example The fast development of previously less developed countries in East Asia and Latin America also means higher disposable income which the customers can spend on durable goods like automobile. Recognising the wider market and huge profit potential from these transformations, players in the global automobile manufacturing industry opted to pursue globalisation strategies. They have expanded beyond their local markets to serve and cater to the needs of customers abroad. Thus, the current global automobile manufacturing industry is currently comprised of large players going beyond their traditional markets to foreign markets with the prospects of larger market, higher revenue, and higher profit. With the players' decision to pursue internationalisation, they face important decisions about their product offerings and strategies. It should be noted that as industry players seek foreign markets, they are actually exposing themselves to an entirely different set of customers who can have different preferences and expectations about their products. ... er the global manufacturing industry is approaching globalisation or localisation, this paper will use 4Cs model which assesses the operations and external macroenvironment of car producers. In the discussion below, it can be seen that the global automobile manufacturing industry is currently midway between globalisation and localisation. However, it can be noted that the sector is approaching localisation as multinational organisations continue to respond to the specific preferences, culture, laws, and rules in its specific market. The 4Cs framework is a strategic management tool which "can be used to assess actual and emerging trends and can assist in determining the extent to which an industry is moving towards globalisation or localisation" (Ellis and Williams 1995, p.107). This looks at three factors in the external environment of the sector namely customers, cost, country, and competition. The customers' factors in this model are subdivided according to customers' requirements, distribution, and uniformity of marketing. Cost drivers are in terms of new product development, scale economies, and transportation costs. Country drivers include trade barriers, technical standards, and cultural and institutional barriers. Lastly competitive forces refer to competitive interdependence and entry of new competitors. Customers The current global manufacturing industry is described as hypercompetitive which can is characterised by the more intense competition among players and high bargaining power of the customers (Kotler 2005). With automobile manufacturers becoming aware of the importance of tailoring their products to customers' preferences, market niching and customisation has become a popular trend. According to Donald Peterson, former chairman of Ford Motor